Epiphany

Epiphany, celebrated on January 6, marks the culmination of the Christmas season in Germany. Known as 'Dreikönigstag' (Three Kings' Day), it commemorates the biblical visit of the Magi to the infant Jesus. The holiday has deep Christian roots, dating back to the 4th century, and in Germany, it is a public holiday in the states of Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, and Saxony-Anhalt. Historically, Epiphany also served as a day for royal processions and the blessing of homes, blending pagan winter traditions with Christian theology. The date aligns with the end of the Twelve Days of Christmas and is sometimes called 'Little Christmas' in some regions. In modern times, Epiphany remains a significant cultural and religious observance, especially in southern Germany.

One of the most beloved traditions is the 'Sternsinger' (star singers), where children dressed as the Three Kings go from house to house singing carols and collecting donations for charity. They mark doorways with the year and the initials C+M+B (often interpreted as 'Christus mansionem benedicat' – Christ bless this house). Families also enjoy a special 'Dreikönigskuchen' (King's Cake), a sweet yeast bread often containing a hidden figurine; the finder is crowned king or queen for the day. Epiphany processions and church services feature the blessing of water, gold, frankincense, and myrrh. Standard greetings include 'Gesegnete Dreikönig' (Blessed Epiphany) or 'Frohes Dreikönigsfest' (Happy Three Kings' Day). In some regions, the day is marked by the 'Krippenspiel' (nativity play) and the removal of Christmas decorations, as it is considered the end of the festive season.